1 cup
freshly grated Parmesan or Pecorino Romano, plus more for serving
½ teaspoon
freshly cracked black pepper, plus more for serving
2 tablespoons
extra-virgin olive oil
4 ounces
diced guanciale, pancetta, or bacon
Flaky salt, for serving (optional)
Method
Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil over high heat. Add the pasta and cook until al dente according to the package instructions. Reserve 2 cups of the liquid and drain the pasta.
Meanwhile, in a medium bowl, beat the egg yolks until smooth. Whisk in the Parmesan and pepper. Gradually whisk in ¼ cup of the reserved pasta water until combined.
Heat the oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Once the oil is glistening, add the guanciale and cook, stirring occasionally, until crispy and fat is rendered, about 5 minutes. Using a slotted spoon, transfer the guanciale to a paper towel-lined plate, reserving the rendered fat in the skillet.
Carefully add 1 cup of the remaining reserved pasta cooking water to the skillet with the reserved fat and bring to a simmer over medium heat. Add the pasta and cook, stirring constantly, until the water is reduced by half, about 2 minutes. Remove the pan from the heat.
While stirring, pour the egg yolk mixture into the pasta. Continue stirring until a creamy sauce forms, about 3 minutes. If needed, stir in remaining reserved pasta water 1 tablespoon at a time.
Add the guanciale and toss to combine. Serve topped with Parmesan, pepper, and flaky salt, if using.